{"id":221,"date":"2026-09-04T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-04T12:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/konteynerium.com\/?p=221"},"modified":"2026-10-06T11:34:00","modified_gmt":"2026-10-06T11:34:00","slug":"uctan-uca-ornek-proje-nodejs-api-production","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/konteynerium.com\/index.php\/2026\/09\/04\/uctan-uca-ornek-proje-nodejs-api-production\/","title":{"rendered":"U\u00e7tan Uca \u00d6rnek Proje: Bir Node.js API’sini S\u0131f\u0131rdan Production’a Ta\u015f\u0131mak"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u015eimdiye kadar Dockerfile yazmay\u0131, Compose ile \u00e7oklu servis y\u00f6netmeyi, volume’leri, networking’i, registry’i, CI\/CD’yi ve izlemeyi tek tek g\u00f6rd\u00fck. Bu yaz\u0131da hepsini bir araya getirip, basit bir Node.js API’sini s\u0131f\u0131rdan al\u0131p ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i bir production kurulumuna ta\u015f\u0131yoruz \u2014 bu portaldaki t\u00fcm konular\u0131n birle\u015fti\u011fi u\u00e7tan uca bir referans.<\/p>\n

Proje: k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir g\u00f6rev listesi API’si<\/h2>\n

Node.js\/Express ile yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, PostgreSQL’e ba\u011flanan basit bir REST API’miz oldu\u011funu varsayal\u0131m. Klas\u00f6r yap\u0131m\u0131z \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/p>\n

benim-api\/\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 src\/\n\u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 server.js\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 package.json\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 Dockerfile\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 .dockerignore\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 docker-compose.yml<\/code><\/pre>\n
1. Ad\u0131m: Multi-stage, g\u00fcvenli bir Dockerfile<\/h2>\n
\u00d6nceki yaz\u0131larda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz iyi pratikleri (k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck taban imaj, root olmayan kullan\u0131c\u0131, sabit s\u00fcr\u00fcm etiketi, health check) tek bir Dockerfile’da birle\u015ftiriyoruz:<\/p>\n
FROM node:20.15.1-alpine3.20 AS base\nWORKDIR \/app\nCOPY package*.json .\/\n\nFROM base AS deps\nRUN npm ci --production\n\nFROM base AS runtime\nCOPY --from=deps \/app\/node_modules .\/node_modules\nCOPY src\/ .\/src\n\nRUN addgroup -S uygulama && adduser -S uygulama -G uygulama\nUSER uygulama\n\nEXPOSE 3000\nHEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=3s --retries=3 \\\n  CMD wget -q -O- http:\/\/localhost:3000\/saglik || exit 1\n\nCMD [\"node\", \"src\/server.js\"]<\/code><\/pre>\n
# .dockerignore\nnode_modules\n.git\n.env\n*.log<\/code><\/pre>\n
2. Ad\u0131m: Compose ile API + veritaban\u0131 + reverse proxy<\/h2>\n
Volume’ler kal\u0131c\u0131 veriyi, servis isimleri (network) container’lar aras\u0131 ileti\u015fimi, depends_on<\/code> ba\u015flatma s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netir:<\/p>\n
services:\n  api:\n    build: .\n    environment:\n      DB_HOST: db\n      DB_PASSWORD: ${DB_PASSWORD}\n    depends_on:\n      - db\n    restart: unless-stopped\n\n  db:\n    image: postgres:16.3-alpine\n    environment:\n      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: ${DB_PASSWORD}\n    volumes:\n      - pg_data:\/var\/lib\/postgresql\/data\n    restart: unless-stopped\n\n  proxy:\n    image: nginx:1.27-alpine\n    ports:\n      - \"443:443\"\n      - \"80:80\"\n    volumes:\n      - .\/nginx.conf:\/etc\/nginx\/conf.d\/default.conf:ro\n    depends_on:\n      - api\n    restart: unless-stopped\n\nvolumes:\n  pg_data:<\/code><\/pre>\n
Veritaban\u0131 portu (5432<\/code>) d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya hi\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131yor \u2014 sadece api<\/code> servisi, ayn\u0131 Compose a\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinden db<\/code> ismiyle eri\u015febiliyor. D\u0131\u015far\u0131dan gelen t\u00fcm trafik proxy<\/code> (Nginx) \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7iyor; bu hem TLS sonland\u0131rmay\u0131 tek yerde toplar hem de API’yi do\u011frudan internete a\u00e7maz.<\/p>\n
\n  \u2713<\/span><\/p>\n
\u015eifreler ve gizli de\u011ferler (DB_PASSWORD<\/code>) do\u011frudan docker-compose.yml<\/code>‘a yaz\u0131lmad\u0131 \u2014 bir .env<\/code> dosyas\u0131ndan okunuyor (${DB_PASSWORD}<\/code>). .env<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 .gitignore<\/code>‘a eklemeyi unutmay\u0131n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
3. Ad\u0131m: CI\/CD ile otomatik build, tarama ve push<\/h2>\n
\u00d6nceki “CI\/CD ile Docker” yaz\u0131m\u0131zdaki pipeline’\u0131 bu projeye uygularsak: kod main<\/code>‘e push edilince imaj build edilir \u2192 Trivy ile taran\u0131r \u2192 ge\u00e7erse \u00e7ok mimarili (amd64 + arm64) olarak registry’e g\u00f6nderilir \u2192 sunucuda otomatik \u00e7ekilip devreye al\u0131n\u0131r. T\u00fcm bu ad\u0131mlar tek bir .github\/workflows\/deploy.yml<\/code> dosyas\u0131nda birle\u015fir; her ad\u0131m\u0131n detay\u0131n\u0131 ilgili yaz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131zda bulabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
4. Ad\u0131m: Sunucuda devreye alma<\/h2>\n
# Sunucuda ilk kurulum\ngit clone https:\/\/github.com\/kullanici-adi\/benim-api.git\ncd benim-api\necho \"DB_PASSWORD=guclu-bir-parola\" > .env\ndocker compose up -d\n\n# CI\/CD her yeni s\u00fcr\u00fcmde bu ad\u0131m\u0131 otomatik \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r\ndocker compose pull\ndocker compose up -d --no-deps --build api<\/code><\/pre>\n
5. Ad\u0131m: Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 izleme<\/h2>\n
# H\u0131zl\u0131, tek sunuculuk kontrol\ndocker compose ps        # health check durumlar\u0131 burada g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr\ndocker stats\ndocker compose logs -f api<\/code><\/pre>\n
Trafik b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e, “Container \u0130zleme ve Loglama” yaz\u0131m\u0131zda anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z cAdvisor + Prometheus + Grafana \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc ayn\u0131 docker-compose.yml<\/code>‘a birer servis olarak eklemek, tek komutla (docker compose up -d<\/code>) t\u00fcm izleme y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 da aya\u011fa kald\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcm par\u00e7alar\u0131n birbirine ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0130htiya\u00e7<\/th>\nKullan\u0131lan ara\u00e7\/kavram<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, g\u00fcvenli imaj<\/td>\nMulti-stage Dockerfile, alpine taban imaj, USER, HEALTHCHECK<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kal\u0131c\u0131 veri<\/td>\nNamed volume (pg_data<\/code>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Servisler aras\u0131 ileti\u015fim<\/td>\nCompose’un otomatik olu\u015fturdu\u011fu a\u011f, servis ismiyle DNS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyaya g\u00fcvenli eri\u015fim<\/td>\nNginx reverse proxy, sadece 80\/443 d\u0131\u015far\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130maj da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131<\/td>\nGitHub Container Registry \/ Docker Hub<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Otomasyon<\/td>\nGitHub Actions: build \u2192 tara \u2192 push \u2192 deploy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c7oklu donan\u0131m deste\u011fi<\/td>\nBuildx ile linux\/amd64,linux\/arm64<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00f6zlemlenebilirlik<\/td>\nHEALTHCHECK, docker stats, Prometheus + Grafana<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
Bu portaldaki her yaz\u0131, burada bir araya gelen par\u00e7alardan birini derinlemesine ele al\u0131yor. Kendi projeniz i\u00e7in bu \u015fablonu ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131 olarak kullanabilir, ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131za g\u00f6re (Kubernetes’e ge\u00e7i\u015f, \u00e7oklu b\u00f6lge da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131, otomatik \u00f6l\u00e7ekleme gibi) \u00fczerine katman katman ekleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Multi-stage Dockerfile, volume, network, reverse proxy, CI\/CD ve izlemeyi tek bir ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i projede birle\u015ftiren, portaldaki t\u00fcm konular\u0131n bulu\u015ftu\u011fu u\u00e7tan uca referans yaz\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"seviye":[9],"class_list":["post-221","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-production-uygulamalar","seviye-ileri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/konteynerium.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/221","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/konteynerium.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/konteynerium.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/konteynerium.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/konteynerium.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=221"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/konteynerium.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/221\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":580,"href":"https:\/\/konteynerium.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/221\/revisions\/580"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/konteynerium.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=221"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/konteynerium.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=221"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/konteynerium.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=221"},{"taxonomy":"seviye","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/konteynerium.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/seviye?post=221"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}